Natur, Gesellschaft
'Gibt's denn schon Pilze?'
3 Days in the Life of an Environmental Program Manager
3 Grad mehr
Abendflüge
Addressing Regulatory Gaps in Relation to the Environmental Issues Arising from Offshore Oil and Gas Activities in the Arctic
An investigation of arsenic, lead, and mercury in sediment in the international Rio Grande/Rio Bravo watershed
Anbau von Ölpflanzen in den Tropen und Subtropen für die Herstellung biogener Kraftstoffe - Am Beispiel des südlichen Afrikas
Masterarbeit aus dem Jahr 2008 im Fachbereich Umweltwissenschaften, Note: 1,7, HAWK Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaft und Kunst - Fachhochschule Hildesheim, Holzminden, Göttingen, Veranstaltung: Biogene Kraftstofffe, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: 1. Einleitung 1.1 Problemstellung Derzeit befinden wir uns im grundlegenden Wandel unserer Energieversorgung. Da der Bedarf stetig steigt, die fossilen Ressourcen schwinden und der globale Klimaschutz eine deutliche Reduktion der Treibhausgasemissionen erfordert, steht die globale Energiepolitik vor einer Umstrukturierung der Energieversorgung. Weltweit betrachtet haben wir heute einen Primärenergieverbrauch von rund 450 EJ, wobei das Erdöl (40,9 % am PEV) der weitaus bedeutendste Energieträger ist, vor allem im Heiz- und im Verkehrssektor, und wie kein anderer im so erheblichem Maße die Geschehnisse auf unserer Erde beeinflusst [86]. Im Bereich Verkehr und Mobilität ist derzeit und wohl auch längerfristig die Biomasse die aussichtsreichste regenerative Energiequelle, die es annäherungsweise vermag die konventionellen fossilen Kraftstoffe wie Diesel, Benzin und Kerosin zu substituieren. Während die so genannten "Kraftstoffe der 2. Generation" (BTL, Wasserstoff) sich gerade erst in der Einführungsphase befinden und ihre Etablierung noch durch technische sowie wirtschaftliche Defizite erschwert wird, erscheinen vorerst nur die "Kraftstoffe der 1. Generation" wie Biodiesel und Bioethanol als Kraftstoffsubstitut im großen Maßstab in Frage zu kommen. Hierzu gehören biogene Kraftstoffe auf Basis von Pflanzenölen (Biodiesel) sowie auf Basis von stärke- und zuckerhaltigen Pflanzen (Bioethanol). Der entscheidende Vorteil dieser Kraftstoffe ist, dass sie zum einen CO2-neutral und zum anderen regenerativ sind, im Gegensatz zu fossilen Energieträgern. Das heißt, dass der biogene Treibstoff nicht zusätzlich die Atmosphäre mit CO2 anreichert, weil er bei der Verbrennung nur den Kohlenstoff an die Atmosphäre abgibt, den er zuvor über die Photosynthese aufgenommen hat. Außerdem ist diese Art von Kraftstoff immer wieder erneuerbar und unterliegt keiner Knappheit, sofern immer genug Licht, Wasser, CO2 und Mineralstoffe vorhanden sind.
Application of Taguchi L27 orthogonal array design to optimize Reactive Orange 12 Dye adsorption onto Magnetic Mn3O4 and MnFe2O4 Nanocomposite
Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2016 in the subject Environmental Sciences, grade: 9.00, , language: English, abstract: In this study, Taguchi L27 experimental design was utilized to optimize adsorption of Reactive Orange 12 (RO 12) dye onto magnetic manganese oxide and manganese ferrite (MO-MnF) nanocomposite. The MO-MnF nanocomposite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopic (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements.The experimental design was constructed with five factors (solution pH, RO 12 dye concentration, MO-MnF dose, contact time, and reaction temperature) at three different levels. The experimental conditions were optimized to maximize the RO 12 dye removal efficiency where signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio was considered as criteria. Optimum values of 2.0, 1.0 g/L, 60 min, 50 mg/L and 60°C were obtained for solution pH, MO-MnF dose, contact time, concentration of RO 12 dye, and reaction temperature, respectively for maximum RO 12 dye removal efficiency of 99.32%. This adsorption process proficiently followed pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion models and exhibited applicability of Langmuir monolayer adsorption with maximum adsorption capacity of 207.90 mg/g at room temperature.
Assessing the impact of household waste disposal practices on water quality of Womba River. A case study from Sawla Town, Ethiopia
Master's Thesis from the year 2017 in the subject Environmental Sciences, Arba Minch University, language: English, abstract: The general objective of the study was assessing the impacts of household's poor waste disposal problem on the water quality of Womba River in Sawla town.A waste refers to any material or product that has been considered useless by the owner and needs to be discarded or has been discarded. Solid waste is any organic or inorganic materials generated from various human activities which have been considered unwanted or useless therefore disposed treated or untreated.On the other hand, the term household's solid waste management has been defined differently by different writers and Authors. For instance, defined it as all activities that seek to minimize the environmental, aesthetic and human health impacts of households solid waste.A much more comprehensive definition of has been provided by, which stated that solid waste management is a discipline associated with the control of generation, storage, collection , transfer and transporting, processing and disposal of it. So, it is a manner in accordance to the best principle of public health, economics, engineering, conservation, aesthetics, and other environmental conservations responsive to public health. Inherent in this definition, solid waste management is a processes which includes waste generation, storage, collection, transfer and transport, processing and disposal of wastes in accordance to the principles of household's solid waste management. The rapid urbanization and growth of urban population that has been taking place during the 20th century virtually transformed the world in to communities of cities and towns. These developments imposing challenges on environment in which most of them have to be addressed at international level. Among those environmental challenges, municipal waste management is a critical one. This is because as long as humans have been living in settled communities, solid waste generation has been an unavoidable in both developed and developing nations.
Assessment of Portable Water Quality in Kumi Town Council, Eastern Uganda
Master's Thesis from the year 2016 in the subject Environmental Sciences, Kampala International University, course: Master of Science in Environment management and Development, language: English, abstract: This assessment of portable water quality was conducted to determine the physicochemical and biological characteristics in protected springs and borehole water of Kumi Town Council in Eastern Uganda. Protected springs in the Town council were studied, including Odello, Omulubin and Okwakel protected springs, as well as five boreholes that were functional out of the nine boreholes in Kumi Town Council; that is: Elgonia, Wiggins p/s, Kumi girls, Works and Omatenga Rd boreholes. pH and temperature were measured in the field directly while iron, hardness, turbidity, nitrites, E-coli and T-coli were analyzed in the laboratory using the standard procedures for water sample analysis. The results showed borehole water was of better quality than the protected springs since most values of the parameters (E-coli, Total coli forms, Turbidity, and Hardness) of borehole water were within the WHO (2008) and UNBS (1994) permissible limits of drinking water. The major contaminant in borehole water was Iron attributed to natural processes and Nitrites, which was attributed to human and animal fecal contamination in the water catchment areas. Generally, borehole water was of better quality for human consumption, and protected spring wells were contaminated with Total coliforms.
Batterie Wasserstoff SynFuel
Bienen und Menschen
Bienenleben
Bioactivity of Indian Legumes and their Conservation for Sustainable Utilization
Biological Waste Management. In-Vessel Composting and Anaerobic Digestion
Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2013 in the subject Environmental Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, language: English, abstract: The aims of this work are to analyse the two types of most suitable biological treatment of waste and decide which is the best for a company based on the analysis. This work evaluates available wastes treatment methods for food production companies in the United Kingdom. This can also be replicated in other parts of the world. In-vessel composting and anaerobic digestion are two biological ways by which food waste can be industrially treated giving importantly useful end products.As the human population increases waste generation with its attending impacts on health and emission also increases, hence there is a need for a legislation to guide waste disposal and treatment and to discourage waste to landfills.
Biomedical waste management
Essay from the year 2017 in the subject Environmental Sciences, Amity University, language: English, abstract: "Prevention is better than cure" This is a famous idiom which doctors used to write at the end of the prescription while prescribing medicines to each patients. But what about the biomedical waste containing the germs of sick persons, which is generated from all the medicals and animal institutions while treating the sick persons, animals etc.? All such waste is generally dumped at the outskirts of the city, into rivers or sometimes one can even find it in the municipal dustbin next to any hospitals of any other locality. There, poor people, street dogs and cattle usually search for edible foods by scraping through the dustbin. Sometimes, one can even find a human fetus in the municipal garbage, where street dogs tear it apart to feed on it. It has been found that rag pickers have previously collected the syringes, glass bottles of the salines, IV drips of bottles and blood bags made of plastics. They sell them to a rag purchaser who uses those bottles for recycling, or sometimes they are sold without recycling if anything like syringes is found intact. While collecting such substances or appliances, sometimes the rag pickers get hurt or pricked from the sharp waste which is dangerous to their health. Moreover, waste sharps may cause tetanus, Hepatitis B and C, AIDS and many other infections if they are not sanitized before disposal. Recently, biomedical waste management has become a great concern for environmentalists, as there is a great risk of spreading germs in a society, as well as the pollution of the air, water and land if the waste is not managed/treated properly.
Bitch - Ein revolutionärer Blick auf Sex, Evolution und die Macht des Weiblichen im Tierreich
Can collaborative forest management promote sustainable forestry?
Essay from the year 2016 in the subject Environmental Sciences, grade: B+, University of Auckland, language: English, abstract: Forest management is a highly complex issue which entails the management of the many dynamic components of a forest system, including the oft-neglected human component. Due to the inherent differences in priorities and perspectives of native forest 'users' and state forest 'managers' forest management has nearly always been characterized by disagreement, competition and conflict. Given the growing need for a resolution to the global issue of forest degradation, a number of solutions have been put forward, the foremost of which has been Collaborative Forest Management (CFM). CFM is a dynamic approach to solving environmental, socio-economic, and political issues among forest stakeholders including governments through the combined management of forest by all stakeholders. Proponents of CFM believe that this approach brings together the knowledge and resources of all the actors in a forest system, thereby increasing the scope for management, However, opponents to CFM argue that such a simplistic view of CFM fails to take into account the lack of equity between stakeholders which leads to further conflict. A satisfactory appraisal of the potential for CFM to promote 'sustainable' forest use requires an evaluation of the many arguments, both for and against the concept. This essay aims to do just that by reviewing the literature and presenting contrasting views for both arguments.
Characterisación Fisica y Química de los Lodos industriales de tres Empresas (Nien Hsing, Henry Germent, Chin Hsing), Zona Franca las mercedes, Managua
Tesis de Maestría del año 2013 en eltema Ciencias ambientales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua, Idioma: Español, Resumen: El presente estudio radica en el análisis químico y físico realizado a los lodos residuales provenientes de las plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales, de la zona franca las mercedes ubicada en Managua, Nicaragua. El objetivo principal del trabajo consiste en buscar alternativas de uso de los lodos y un efectivo tratamiento, evitando de esta forma la contaminación de las fuentes de aguas y al ambiente.
Climatic and Environmental Effect in the Niger Delta
Technical Report from the year 2011 in the subject Environmental Sciences, grade: A, ( Atlantic International University ) (Niger Delta University), course: CEC 633, language: English, abstract: The Niger Delta is located at the Atlantic Coast of the Southern part of Nigeria. It is the outlet of River Niger and Benue to the Ocean through rivers, creeks and estuaries. It is the second largest delta in the world with coastline spanning about 450 kilometers terminating at the Imo river entrance (Uyique, Etiosa 2007). It is described as the largest wetland in Africa and among the three largest in the world. The region spans over 20,000 square kilometers hoisting about 25% of the Nigeria population. About 2370 square kilometers of the Niger Delta consist of Rivers, creeks and estuaries while stagnant swamp covers about 8,600 square kilometers and has the largest mangrove swamp in Africa. The mangrove swamp extends about 1900 square kilometers. The region falls within the tropical rain forest zone (Joe-Alagoa, E., 2002)
Conservation plan of Hindon River in-between Muzaffarnagar and Ghaziabad
Academic Paper from the year 2014 in the subject Environmental Sciences, grade: 8.5, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IIT ROORKEE), course: M.Tech, language: English, abstract: River Hindon is a major source of water to the highly populated and predominantly rural population of western Uttar Pradesh, India. River Hindon originates in the lower Himalayas in Saharanpur district (UP, Uttar Pradesh) and flows 260 km through six districts including Muzaffarnagar, Meerut, Baghpat, Ghaziabad and Gautambudh Nagar until its confluence with the Yamuna. The main sources, which create pollution in the river, include municipal wastes of Saharanpur, Muzaffarnagar and Ghaziabad districts and industrial effluents of sugar, pulp and paper distilleries and other miscellaneous industries through tributaries as well as direct outfalls. In non-monsoon months the river is completely dry from its origin up to Saharanpur town. The main water quality parameters that have been used to assess the quality of Hindon river are pH, BOD, COD, DO, TDS, TSS Electrical Conductivity, Total Hardness, Nitrate, Phosphates, Chlorides, Sulphates and Faecal Coliform. These data are obtained by collecting water and wastewater samples during pre- and post-monsoon seasons during month of January and April 2013 and are converted with National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index to achieve at a single value defining the water quality at selected locations. The result shows that the water quality of river is not good. The water of river Hindon is not suitable for any use.
Cultura ecológica en promoción del cuidado del ambiente
Tesis de Maestría del año 2017 en eltema Ciencias ambientales, , Idioma: Español, Resumen: La presente investigación tiene como propósito comprender la cultura ecológica que poseen los habitantes del sector Ali Primera en relación al cuidado del ambiente e interpretar la importancia del cuidado del ambiente. Se toman como base algunas investigaciones relacionadas con la temática en estudio, al igual que teorías que sustentan la misma, aunado a esto presenta un cuadro epistemológico con un paradigma cualitativo, enfoque postpositivista, el método es fenomenológico-hermenéutico. La línea de investigación es Orientación Educativa, las técnicas de recolección de información es la observación y entrevista a través del instrumento guion de preguntas, las cuales fueron siete de tipo abierta para que los cuatro sujetos de información tenga la posibilidad de expresarse con libertad, dichos sujetos responden a unos seudónimos para cubrir su identidad, jardín hermoso, cielo brillante, lluvia fresca y planeta tierra respectivamente, del mismo modo la técnica de análisis de la información es la estructuración, categorización y triangulación. La investigadora reflexiona en torno al grado de concienciación que se debe tener con el ambiente puesto que de él se obtienen todos los beneficios naturales y con las acciones diarias se contribuye a su destrucción, pues se hace imprescindible que toda la humanidad realice acciones que vayan en beneficio del cuidado del ambiente y esto se logra teniendo sentido de corresponsabilidad, cultura ecológica y reflejando valores inculcados desde el hogar.
Current status of human-black bear conflict and the mitigation measures adopted around Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary, Darjeeling, West Bengal, India
Master's Thesis from the year 2013 in the subject Environmental Sciences, , language: English, abstract: Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) is one of the largest carnivores of Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary (WLS). Black bear-human conflict is a major concern throughout the eastern Himalayas and particularly in the Darjeeling district of West Bengal state. A study was undertaken to assess the Black bear-Human conflicts using Questionnaire surveys within the fringe villages of Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary (WLS), West Bengal during the period June-July 2013 by applying snowball-sampling technique. The black bear-human conflicts recorded were in three forms: crop raiding, livestock predation, human attacks and sometimes even death of humans. Crop damage was observed to be the most common type of conflict as reported by more than 80% of the respondents. The extent of crop damage was intense in the month of June-September, mainly concentrated along forest boundary areas which can be related to the cropping pattern and pre-hibernation period of black bears. Crop damage and livestock damage was estimated for the areas surveyed. The traditional methods adopted by the villagers to scare or chase off bear included, shouting, drumming empty tin, Bamboo netted fencing , keeping guard dogs and handmade fire mashals (Pultho). However these methods are hardly effective because their applicability lies when the villagers know about the presence of bears in their fields, which is very rare as most of the bear attacks occur during late night hours, when the villagers are in sound sleep. Provision for immediate compensation for crop damage and livestock insurance schemes was suggested by the villagers to mitigate HBC. The willingness of the villagers to adapt to measures to mitigate HBC was found to be directly related to the cooperation provided by the forest officials and NGO's.
Das Erbe der Alpen