Mikrobiologie

Actividad antimicrobiana de hidrolizados proteicos de semillas de "Mucuna pruriens" en cepas de "Escherichia coli" y "Listeria monocytogenes" para su aplicación en la industria alimentaria

Tesis (Bachelor) del año 2016 en eltema Biología - Microbiología y Biología molecular, Nota: 94, , Materia: QUÍMICO FARMACÉUTICO BIÓLOGO, Idioma: Español, Resumen: En el presente trabajo de investigación se evaluó la actividad inhibitoria de crecimiento bacteriano de derivados proteicos de Mucuna pruriens obtenidos por hidrólisis enzimática del concentrado de proteína de las semillas de dicha planta. Se utilizaron granos secos de Mucuna obtenidos de un productor del estado de Yucatán y de una sola cosecha. Para la obtención del concentrado se realizó un fraccionamiento húmedo de los componentes de la harina de los granos y posteriormente se hidrolizaron mediante dos sistemas secuenciales, Alcalase®-Flavourzyme® (AF) y Pepsina-Pancreatina (PP). Para obtener fracciones de determinado tamaño molecular se realizó la ultrafiltración utilizando membranas de 10, 5, 3 y 1 kDa. Los grados de hidrólisis de ambos sistemas fueron de 25.34% y 47.28% para AF y PP respectivamente. El contenido proteico de las fracciones osciló entre 0.114 - 1.018 para AF y 0.175 - 1.014 para PP. El tamaño de las fracciones fue verificado mediante electroforesis desnaturalizante SDS-PAGE y comparado contra marcadores moleculares comerciales. Se realizaron cultivos de los microorganismos Escherichia coli O157:H7 y Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115. Para la evaluación de sensibilidad antimicrobiana se siguieron los protocolos M100-S24, M45-L del CLSI y del EUCAST (European Comittee on Antimicrobial Suceptibility Testing). Las pruebas de difusión en disco fueron negativas para ambos sistemas siendo las cepas resistentes a todas las fracciones proteicas probadas. Se realizó un antibiograma a cada microorganismo y se probó la sensibilidad a antibióticos conocidos.

Air Quality Situations in Latin America and the Caribbean

Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2019 in the subject Biology - Micro- and Molecular Biology, grade: 9.0, , language: English, abstract: This thesis work aims to investigate the air quality situation in Latin America and the Caribbean by making a review of the present status of air quality. This outline contains an evaluation of the current status of air quality observing countries and cities of LAC and the present levels of the most critical pollutants contrasted with the WHO Air Quality Standards. This review will also focus on the health effects of human causing by air pollution and development strategies to reduce air pollution in LAC.Air pollution is the release of several pollutants into the air which is directly or indirectly harmful to the living beings. Around 91% of the total world's population lives in areas where air pollution exceeds WHO air quality guidelines. Air pollution has turned into a major global concern in numerous urban communities around the world as a result of developing industrialization and expanding urbanization. It harms crops, creatures, forests, and waterways. It also adds to the exhaustion of the ozone layer, which protects the earth from the sun's UV light.Air is mainly composed of nitrogen, oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, ammonia, nitrogen oxide, particulate matter, volatile organic compounds and other gases. Air pollution is caused by different types of pollutants present in the air and due to unfavorable weather conditions. These pollutants are including various short-lived climate pollutants, particulate matter, etc. Short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) remain in the atmosphere for a short time which has a warming effect on climate. The major SLCPs consist of black carbon, tropospheric ozone and methane. The largest source of SCLPs in Latin America is Mexico City (Mexico). Furthermore, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are responsible for air pollution. It is widely used in refrigeration and insulating foam. BC is another pollutant that absorbs sunlight and also melts ice and snow which cause global warming. 12% of the world's total BC emissions are originated from LAC. Black carbon remains in the atmosphere for a relatively short time for only days or weeks compared to other greenhouse gases, such as CO2. Accordingly, reducing black carbon emissions allows benefits almost immediately.

Altered production of organic acid and pigments by microbes under influence of microwave radiation

An in vitro study of the expression, purification and intramolecular interactions of Hepatoma Up Regulated Protein (HURP)

Bachelor Thesis from the year 2011 in the subject Biology - Micro- and Molecular Biology, grade: A+ or 10.0, Democritus University Of Thrace (Molecular Biology and Genetics), language: Greek, Modern (1453-), abstract: This manuscript is a diploma undergraduate thesis written in Greek; Research was conducted at the University of Thrace, at the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics. Hepatoma Up Regulated Protein (HURP) is a microtubule-associated protein essential for the assembly of the mitotic spindle. HURP binds microtubules via its N-terminal domain, which is inhibited by HURP's C-terminal tail. The kinase Aurora A activates HURP by phosphorylating its C-terminus, which dissociates from the N-terminal microtubule binding domain. This diploma thesis explores how the autoinhibitory interaction between the N- and C-termini of HURP affect binding to proteins with key functions in spindle assembly (e.g., the mitotic motor Eg5 and the microtubule associated proteins TPX2 andXMAP125). I used molecular cloning techniques to generate recombinant GST- and His tagged chimeras of HURP's N- and C-termini. I optimized conditions for the expression of these proteins in bacteria and their purification by liquid chromatography methods using an FPLC system. I performed pull-down assays by incubating the recombinant proteins with HeLa cell extracts and ran western blots to examine the interactions of HURP with Eg5, TPX2 and XMAP125.

Antibacterial Effect of Berberis Aquifolium Homeopathic Mother Tincture against Biofilm Formers from Dental Plaque

Scientific Study from the year 2021 in the subject Biology - Micro- and Molecular Biology, grade: A, Mahatma Gandhi University (St. Thomas College, Palai), language: English, abstract: Dental infection is being considered as one of the six most widespread non-communicable diseases throughout the world. Berberis aquifolium have shown positive antimicrobial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory actions in several microbial studies. So, this study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial efficacy of B. aquifolium against dental biofilm forming Streptococcus mutans and common oral pathogens.The dental caries samples were collected from 5 patients of age group 7-35yrs from Kottayam Dist., Kerala, under aseptic condition. All the collected plate samples were cultured on nutrient, blood and Mitis Salivary Agar plates and colonies were counted. Microbial species were identified on the basis of morphological and biochemical studies. Microbiological assay (agar well diffusion method and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) to determine inhibition zone against oral pathogens were performed. Thus this study concluded that the ethanolic extracts of B. aquifolium showed significant MIC against S. mutans, Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa compared to that of standard drug.

Antibiotics toward Gram Positive Cocci: Mode of Action, Resistance and Laboratory Diagnosis

Document from the year 2013 in the subject Biology - Micro- and Molecular Biology, , language: English, abstract: Antimicrobial resistance remains, more than ever, a key issue for medical microbiology. The development of antibiotic resistance by bacteria is an evolutionary inevitability, a convincing demonstration of their ability to adapt to adverse environmental conditions. Some Gram-positive organisms are extremely adaptable and rapidly develop resistance, whereas others have not developed good strategies to overcome antibiotics. Staphylococci and enterococci, in particular are associated with clinically relevant resistance. The epithet of superbugs, if one can define these as bacterial pathogens resistant to almost all clinically available agents, can be truly applied to resistant strains of Gram-positive species, especially to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and to glycopeptide- or vancomycinresistant enterococci (GRE or VRE).

Antimicrobial and phytochemical analysis of lime juice and different types of honey. An overview

Scientific Study from the year 2016 in the subject Biology - Micro- and Molecular Biology, grade: 1.5, Mar Augusthinose College, language: English, abstract: Citrus, one of the major genes of Rutaceae family and most economically important fruit tree and widely cultivated throughout the country. The Citrus have high nutritional value and medicinal value. Honey and lemon-honey are traditional remedies in the Middle East and China and for many centuries and have been used in the treatment and prevention of the common cold and various upper respiratory tract infections. Three types of honey were collected; 'Cheruthen'-produced by bees belongs to the Trigona irridipennis species; Vanthen'- produced by bees belongs to the Apis indica species; 'Kattutthen'- produced by bees belongs to the Apis dorsata species. The antibacterial activites of honey samples and lime juice were tested aganist Bacillus, Klebsiella, E.coli, Staphylococcus and Micrococcus. The result showed that the samples have differnt antimicrobial activity. Antimicrobial activity of Cheruthen against Klebsiella species showed a zone of inhibition of 10.1 ± 0.73 mm, when 100 µl of Cheruthen is applied. When 200 µl of Cheruthen is applied the zone of inhibition was 30.1 ± 0.23 mm. Antimicrobial activity of Cheruthen against E.coli showed a zone of inhibition of 10.1 ± 0.13 mm, when 100 µl of cheruthen is applied. When 200 µl of cheruthen is applied the zone of inhibition was 30.2 ± 0.23 mm. Also the phytochemical examination of lime juice and honey samples showed that different types of phytochemical substances are present in both lime juice and different types of honey samples. Further studies are required to reveal the role of each phytochemical and its contribution to the antimicrobial properties of the samples included in this study.

Antimicrobial Effects of Allium Sativum (Garlic) and Zinger Officinale (Ginger) on Pathogenic Bacteria

Bachelor Thesis from the year 2022 in the subject Biology - Micro- and Molecular Biology, grade: 4.27, University Of Abuja (FACULTY OF SCIENCE), course: MICROBIOLOGY, language: English, abstract: This study on the antimicrobial effects of Allium sativum (garlic) and Zinger officinale (ginger) on pathogenic bacteria was conducted. The result of zone of inhibitions of Ethanolic extracts of the Allium sativum (garlic) and Zinger officinale (ginger) as described in the material and methods is presented.The zone diameter of inhibition in millimeter of Ethanolic extracts of Allium sativum (garlic) and Zinger officinale (ginger) at concentration of 500 mg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus shows that Allium sativum (garlic) and Zinger officinale (ginger) met the standard of the antibiotic used as the positive control (chloramphenicol) with 25.0±1.0 mm each. Meanwhile Salmonella typhi had significant zone diameter of inhibition (21mm, 22 and 24mm against Zinger officinale (ginger) and Allium sativum (garlic) respectively at concentration of 500mg/ml.Two of the extracts which include Allium sativum (garlic) and Zinger officinale (ginger) had the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 125 mg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus and which correlate with the control (Cloramphenicol). Meanwhile Zinger officinale (ginger) had MIC of 250 mg/ml against Salmonella typhi respectively. The Minimum bactericidal concentration of the extracts shows that only Allium sativum (garlic) have the least value of 250 mg/ml which correlates with the standard antibiotic (chloramphenicol) used as control against Salmonella typhi while the rest of the other plant extracts which include Zinger officinale (ginger) had 500 mg/ml each as MBC against Salmonella typhi. Similarly, both Allium sativum (garlic) and Zinger officinale (ginger) had MBC of 250 mg/ml which also correlates with the standard antibiotics drug (Cloramphenicol).

Antioxidant and Haemotological Properties of Nigella sativa, Carica papaya and Boswellia sacra. An Experiment

Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2019 in the subject Biology - Cytology, grade: 5.0, University of Lagos (University of Lagos), course: Cell Biology and Genetics, language: English, abstract: This work examines the impact of the medical plants Nigella sativa, Carica papaya and Boswellia sacra with the help of an experiment conducted with fifty female albino mice.Nigella sativa, Carica papaya and Boswellia sacra are medicinal plants in the commonly used in folkloric medicine due to the presence of its immense therapeutic properties. Fifty (50) female albino mice weighing between 15-22g were divided into five groups of 10 mice each. Animal in group 1 served as control group and were administered distilled water while animal in group 2 were given 2ml of cisplatin (orally). Animal in group 3-5 were given orally; 100 mg/kg (low dose), 200 mg/kg (medium dose) and 400 mg/kg (high dose) of triherbal preparation. The feeding regimens lasted for 28 days. After 28 days, mammary gland and blood samples were collected for haematological and antioxidant analysis. The triherbal formula decreased the GSH and MDA levels of mice treated with 100 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg doses compare to control. The measurement of total protein content, SOD and CAT increased in treated animals compared to control. However, RBC (Red Blood Cell) counts significantly decreased in the low, medium and high dose groups (0.95±0.08, 6.57±0.08 and 3.55±0.55 x 106 cells/mm3 respectively) compared to control (7.34±0.40) at P<0.05. Also, significant decreases (P<0.05) in the level of the total WBC (White Blood Cell) count, platelet count, PCV (Packed Cell Volume) and Hb (haemoglobin) concentration were observed. The decreases were dose dependent. The MCH (Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin) and MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration) except MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume) significantly decreased in treated group only. The triherbal formulation exhibited significant antioxidant activities showing increased levels of SOD, CAT and Protein content due to activation of the enzyme involve in detoxification of free radicals and decreased in the level of GSH and MDA due to accumulation of peroxides and H2O2. Also, decreased in haematological parameters due to the presence of phytochemicals such as phenol, resins, saponins, sterols, tannis and terpenes in the triherbal formula. Therefore, it has potential to induce haematotoxicity hence consumption of high concentrations should be discouraged.

Análisis bacteriológico de leche materna. Influencia de las características sociodemográficas de las donadoras

Tesis del año 2018 en eltema Biología - Microbiología y Biología molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas (Ciencias Químicas), Idioma: Español, Resumen: Se sabe que ciertos microorganismos son los que pueden estar presentes en la leche materna, según lo reportado por la literatura. Es por ello que el abordar un fluido biológico como la leche materna, es de vital importancia tanto inmunológica como nutricionalmente. La exposición del lactante a una gran cantidad de microorganismos presentes en la leche materna puede ejercer efectos beneficiosos, al colonizar su microbiota intestinal y promover el desarrollo del sistema inmune, así como protegerlo de patologías mediante las inmunoglobulinas presentes en la misma.En específico para este proyecto se abordará el tema microbiológico, para conocer si influyen las características sociodemográficas de las donadoras del Hospital General Fresnillo en la variedad de especies bacterianas presentes en la leche materna. A través de una serie de pasos metodológicos descritos en el texto, desde la recolección de la muestra hasta la interpretación de resultados, se sembraron 53 muestras de leche materna en caldos de proliferación y medios de cultivo, incluído Agar Sangre, posteriormente se sometieron a pruebas bioquímicas dando como resultados la presencia de microorganismos como Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia entomophila y Shigella dysenteriae, por mencionar algunas.Diversos factores afectan de manera significativa la diversidad bacteriana en la leche materna, aunque aún no está descrita científicamente la manera exacta en que se ve afectada. Es necesario realizar más investigaciones a futuro para saber a ciencia cierta cómo es que influyen cada uno de los factores de salud, genéticos, sociodemográficos, etcétera, en la diversidad bacteriana de la leche materna y qué efectos beneficiosos o perjudiciales podrían tener para el lactante.

Assemblierung von F1-Untereinheiten der Escherichia coli ATP-Synthase im Cytoplasma

Diplomarbeit aus dem Jahr 2011 im Fachbereich Biologie - Mikrobiologie, Molekularbiologie, Note: 2, Universität Osnabrück, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: In der Arbeit von Garrelfs (2008) zeigte sich, dass im Cytoplasma einer Mutante mit einem "knock-out" im Gen atpH sowie eines entsprechenden Wildtyps die Untereinheiten ¿, ß, ¿ und teilweise ¿ durch Immunoblotanalysen detektiert werden konnten und gleichzeitig bei den Membranvesikeln der c-defizienten Mutante eine Abreicherung dieser Untereinheiten erfolgte (Abb.18). Daher sollte nun mit einem His6-tag an ß untersucht werden inwieweit die Untereinheiten an ß assoziiert vorliegen und infolgedessen aus dem Cytoplasma mittels Nickel-NTA-Affinitätschromatographie gereinigt werden können.

Bio Preservative Potential of Lactobacillus against Different Moulds and Bacteria Using Tomato Juice

Academic Paper from the year 2024 in the subject Biology - Micro- and Molecular Biology, grade: 2.0, , course: Microbiology, language: English, abstract: Food-spoilage moulds such as Aspergillus, Fusarium & Penicillium are mycotoxinogenic in nature & play an obvious role in the deterioration of the quality & hygiene of foodstuffs by constituting highly toxic metabolites known as mycotoxins.Mycotoxin contamination is still a serious problem in many parts of the world. This poses a threat to both livestock & human health, which results in great worldwide economic losses each year. Diverse physical & chemical methods have been developed for controlling mycotoxin-contaminated food & feed, whereas very few of these techniques have been practically considered. Therefore, a potent method has to be employed to reduce the presence of mycotoxins. Furthermore, some food-spoilage moulds have been discovered to have the capability to resist chemical preservatives, for example sorbate. The reduction of such moulds in food production is now of primary importance & there is great interest in developing effective & safe method for this purpose. It is crucial to reduce food losses by controlling fungal contamination at all stages of food process chains.Three main stages can be defined to group fungal contamination factors:(i) the field, where water, soil & air are natural fungal niches; (ii) raw materials-such as post-harvest crops, meats, & milk-where fungal occurrence is related to food management during harvest or collecting, transportation, storage, & packaging & (iii) during food processing while manufacturing dairy, bakery, dry-ripened & drink products. Meanwhile, natural preservatives could be an alternative due to disadvantages of pesticides/fungicides & the high cost of production of new chemicals. In addition, the biopreservative capacity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is gaining much attention, due to consumers' dem& for reducing the use of chemical preservatives.As a result of this, several researchers have exploited antagonistic compounds (such as organic acids, hydrogen peroxide & other antimicrobial compounds such as bacteriocins) produced by LAB which are able to control pathogenic microorganisms & undesirable moulds in food & feed. However, much still need to be done on the antifungal activity of LAB, due to the great dem in finding natural preservative agents that can prevent fungal growth in food & feed. Accordingly, this study evaluates the ability of lactobacillus as a biopreservative agent to prevent food-spoilage moulds both in vitro & in vivo.

Boon and Bane of not Being Subject to the Hayflick Limit

Caractérisation Moléculaire et Biochimique en Condition de Stress Salin de "Medicago truncatula" Gaertner

Thèse de Doctorat de l'année 2016 dans le domaine Biologie - Microbiologie, Biologie Moléculaire, note: "-", University of Oran (Laboratoire d'écologie végétale. Département de Biologie. BP 1524. Faculté SNV. Université d'Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella. 31000-Oran -Algérie), cours: plant preeding, langue: français, résumé: La salinité des sols est l'un des facteurs limitant la production végétale. L'introduction et l'amélioration des légumineuses comme la luzerne tronquée ou "Medicago truncatula", s'avère très important dans l'amélioration de la productivité pour la fertilisation naturelle des sols. Dans notre étude, nous avons évalué la variabilité de plusieurs génotypes appartenant à la plante modèle Medicago truncatula sous quatre concentrations de stress salin ( 0 , 68 , 102 et 137 mM ) de NaCl. Nous avons conclu que le génotype tolérant Tru 131, riche en protéines et avec un poids élevé de graines peut être cultivé dans les zones salines et semi-arides en Algérie et la Méditerranée. Les protéines de réserves de ces quatre génotypes ont été séparées par électrophorèse en SDS-PAGE afin d'identifier les bandes protéiques comme marqueurs de tolérance au stress salin. La variabilité des profils protéiques suggèrent que les génotypes sélectionnés peuvent être une source d'amélioration des cultures au travers des programmes d'hybridation. L'analyse de l'aptitude germinatif durant la croissance des jeunes plants chez les deux génotypes contrastés appartenant à l'espèce modèle Medicago truncatula, a montré une aptitude germinative élevé chez Tru 131 par rapport à Jemalong. L'étude de la partie racinaire a été étudiée chez ces deux génotypes. Elle a montré que le génotype tolérant Tru 131 exprime une meilleure croissance racinaire par rapport à celui de Jemalong et une activité gayacol peroxydase élevée, cet enzyme a un rôle protecteur contre les molécules (ROS) accumulées lors d'un stress oxydatif. Enfin, l'analyse des antioxydants non enzymatiques montre une augmentation des quantités d'Ascorbate (ASC-DHA) et de Glutathion (GSH-GSSH) chez le génotype tolérant T131. Au niveau moléculaire, l'analyse en utilisant quatre marqueurs EST-SSR a été effectuée chez 11 écotypes. Les résultats ont montré une diversité génétique modérée chez les différentes accessions de Medicago truncatula, étudiées.

Currículo de ciencias naturales. Implementación de estrategias de enseñanza-aprendizaje de las propiedades físicas de la materia en sexto grado de básica seucndaria

Estudio Científico del año 2016 en eltema Biología - Microbiología y Biología molecular, Nota: NINGUNA, Universidad de los Andes (Colombia), Idioma: Español, Resumen: La permanente reflexión sobre el trabajo en el área de Ciencias Naturales, específicamente en el aprendizaje del estudiante es un punto de referencia para diseñar e implementar estrategias que aporten a la calidad del aprendizaje de los estudiantes. En este aspecto el Ministerio de Educación Nacional ha diseñado unos referentes de calidad basados en el desarrollo por competencias y articulados con la evaluación censal o prueba saber, la cual se constituye en el parámetro de lo que todo estudiante debe saber, saber hacer y saber ser. Tal estructura permite al docente manejar un nivel significativo de autonomía curricular junto con la del contexto institucional.En este escenario, diversos procesos entre ellos la investigación le permite al docente transformar su práctica de aula con el fin de mejorar los resultados académicos. En este sentido se observa que en una institución educativa del municipio de Melgar, la cual cuenta con cerca de 1500 estudiantes distribuidos en 12 sedes. Los resultados obtenidos no solo dentro del aula de clase, sino en las pruebas estandarizadas del Ministerio de Educación Nacional, como son las pruebas SABER del grado 5 develan que la gran mayoría de los estudiantes en el año 2012 se encontraban en el rango de puntaje mínimo, este es un 66,66%. Además durante los dos primeros periodos académicos de este año escolar 2016 el 55% de los alumnos del primer grado de Básica Secundaria presentaron desempeño académico bajo en el área de Ciencias Naturales que se encuentra en el rango de 1 a 6,49. (resultados arrojados por la plataforma de Syscolegios del sistema de evaluación de la institución.). Esto revela un panorama desalentador y de ahí la importancia de adelantar estudios sobre este tema , y acerca de posibles causas de estos resultados siendo una de ellas la falta de aplicación de estrategias pedagógicas en el área, que estén en concordancia con el modelo pedagógico de la institución el cual es constructivista-colaborativo.Por tanto es indispensable la revisión del currículo operativo institucional para convertirlo en un elemento dinámico en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en las Ciencias Naturales, debido a que los resultados presentados por los estudiantes demuestran la necesidad de un cambio curricular.

Determinación del crecimiento de hongos, con potencial productor de aflatoxinas, en leche fluida entera y harina de trigo

Estudio Científico del año 2015 en eltema Biología - Microbiología y Biología molecular, Nota: 6.5, , Materia: Tesis pregrado, Idioma: Español, Resumen: El objetivo de la tesis es determiner el crecimiento de hongos con potencial productor de aflatoxinas, en leche fluida entera y harina de trigo, en Concepción Chile 2015.Pese a los cambios en la sociedad, hay alimentos que no varían en la dieta, a través del tiempo. Algunos de ellos son, la harina de trigo y la leche fluida entera, que actúan como sustrato, para diferentes organismos, donde se encuentran los hongos filamentosos. Capaces de producir sustancias toxicas denominadas aflatoxinas, que infestan el alimento, produciendo deterioro, además de efectos en la salud.Metodología: Para este estudio se utilizó un diseño observacional, el que consistió en realizar cultivos en duplicado, a partir de dos muestras de leche entera fluida A y B y dos muestras de harina de trigo A y B. Durante 7 días, se realizó recuento de UFC, repitiéndose el día 13. Finalizada la incubación por 7 días a 25ºC, se procedió al aislamiento de las colonias, posteriormente se realizó tinción con azul de metileno e identificación microscópica, anexándose a la macroscópia y se evaluó la potencialidad para producir aflatoxinas, mediante fluorescencia bajo exposición a luz U.V.

Die Herstellung und Veredelung von Lebensmitteln durch Mikroorganismen

Examensarbeit aus dem Jahr 2008 im Fachbereich Biologie - Mikrobiologie, Molekularbiologie, Note: 1, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Diese Arbeit zeigt die Vielfalt der Herstellungsmöglichkeiten von Lebensmitteln durch Mikroorganismen. Auch neuartige Verfahren wie die Bionade-Herstellung, Mycoproteine oder asiatische Fermentationsprodukte werden vorgestellt.Im Anhang sind zudem Rezepte zur eigenen mikrobiellen Herstellung (z. B. Brot, Joghurt usw.) zu finden.

Effektive Mikroorganismen - Das Praxisbuch: Die Komplettanleitung zur sicheren Anwendung von EM in der Ernährung, Körperpflege, Haus & Garten - inkl. 30 EM Hausrezepten

Effektive Mikroorganismen: Vielfältige und unkomplizierte Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der hochwirksamen Kleinstlebewesen für Gesundheit, Körperpflege & AlltagMöchten Sie Ihrem Immunsystem ein wenig auf die Sprünge helfen? Wünschen Sie sich üppigere Blütenpracht in Ihrem Gartenparadies? Oder suchen Sie nach natürlichen und zugleich effektiven Reinigungsmitteln für den Haushalt? In allen Fällen können effektive Mikroorganismen weiterhelfen und dieser Ratgeber zeigt Ihnen, wie!Seit ihrer Erforschung durch den Agrarwissenschaftler Prof. Dr. Teruo Higa haben effektive Mikroorganismen (EM) einen Siegeszug rund um den Globus angetreten: Die Mischung aus ursprünglich 80 unterschiedlichen Mikroorganismen - Bakterien und Hefen - kann auf zahlreichen Anwendungsgebieten erstaunliche Resultate für Mensch und Natur hervorbringen. Schwaches Immunsystem, schlechte Verdauung, Hautprobleme, Allergien oder psychische Beschwerden lassen sich mit einem optimierten Mikrobiom effektiv unterstützen, doch auch Körperpflege, Pflanzenwachstum, Reinigungsarbeiten, Tierhaltung oder sportliche Leistungsfähigkeit werden von EM positiv beeinflusst. Wie Sie verschiedene Präparate zu unterschiedlichen Zwecken einsetzen können und worauf Sie bei Verwendung, Dosierung und eigener Kultivierung achten müssen, erfahren Sie in diesem Praxisratgeber. Als Laie mit Bakterien hantieren? Keine Sorge! Denn die genauen und leicht verständlichen Anleitungen in diesem Buch machen die Anwendung von EM zu einer kinderleichten Angelegenheit und präsentieren Ihnen eine breite Vielfalt an Einsatzmöglichkeiten für den Alltag.EM-Basics: Was sind EM, wie funktionieren sie, warum sind sie so wichtig für die menschliche Gesundheit und welche unterschiedlichen Verwendungsmöglichkeiten bieten sich?Grundlagen der Anwendung: Verschiedene Präparate, EM-1-Urlösung, Fermentation zu EMa, korrekte Lagerung, Sicherheitsaspekte - machen Sie sich in kürzester Zeit mit den wichtigsten Fakten zur Handhabung und praktischen Anwendung vertraut.Rundum gesund: Finden Sie heraus, wie Sie bei schwachem Immunsystem, Allergien, Neurodermitis, Verdauungsproblemen, depressiven Verstimmungen, Ängsten und vielen weiteren Beschwerden gezielt mit EM aktiv werden können.Alltags-Hacks: Ob Gesichtspflege, Reinigungsmittel, Dünger, Teichpflege, Fellpflege bei Hund, Katze & Pferd - zahlreiche Anwendungsoptionen machen EM zur Allzweckwaffe fürs tägliche Leben.Besondere Bedürfnisse: Erfahren Sie, wie auch Schwangere, Stillende, Sportler & Kinder EM effektiv und gefahrlos einsetzen können.Dieses Buch zeigt Ihnen, wie Sie die geballte Kraft von EM für sich, Ihren Alltag und Ihre Lieben nutzen können und damit auf natürliche Weise Ihre Gesundheit unterstützen. Mit 30 zusätzlichen Rezepten im Bonusteil rund um Ernährung, Haushalt, Garten & Co. steigen Sie noch schneller in die Verwendung ein und profitieren schon bald auf vielfältige Art von den mikroskopisch kleinen Helferlein.

Einsatzmöglichkeiten der PCR-Techniken zum Nachweis von Viren, am Beispiel des SARS-CoV-1

Environmental burden of MRSA in Pakistan. A meta-analysis of prevalence in non-clinical samples (2016-2022)

Master's Thesis from the year 2022 in the subject Biology - Micro- and Molecular Biology, grade: 82%, , course: MSc. in Microbiology, language: English, abstract: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major environmental health concern in Pakistan. Therefore, the aim of the present study with 18 published studies was to assess the prevalence of MRSA in non-clinical settings in Pakistan based on different years from 2016 to 2022 and different locations.For this, the relevant articles dealing with the prevalence of MRSA were analysed in Pub Me, Google Scholar, Research Gate, Science Hub and Google from 2016 to 2022. The statistical analyses were performed using STATA software (version 17) and Excel.

Etude épidémiologique sur les infections néonatales dans deux hôpitaux en Algérie

Mémoire (de fin d'études) de l'année 2021 dans le domaine Biologie - Microbiologie, Biologie Moléculaire, Université Hassiba Benbouali de Chlef, langue: français, résumé: Au c¿ur d'une Algérie en pleine mutation démographique, un fléau silencieux menace la vie des nouveau-nés : les infections néonatales (InN). Ce livre captivant plonge au plus profond des services de néonatologie de deux hôpitaux algériens, révélant une réalité souvent occultée. À travers une étude rigoureuse et des données inédites, il met en lumière la prévalence alarmante de ces infections, leurs caractéristiques épidémiologiques et les facteurs de risque qui les favorisent. L'ouvrage explore les méandres des diagnostics cliniques et bactériologiques, dévoilant les défis auxquels sont confrontés les médecins pour identifier et traiter ces pathologies précocement. Quels sont les modes de contamination les plus fréquents ? Comment l'âge gestationnel, le poids à la naissance et le type d'accouchement influencent-ils le risque d'InN ? Ce livre apporte des réponses claires et étayées, basées sur une analyse minutieuse des données hospitalières. Il décortique les protocoles de traitement, évalue leur efficacité et souligne l'importance cruciale d'une antibiothérapie adaptée. Plus qu'une étude scientifique, cet ouvrage est un cri d'alarme pour une meilleure prise en charge des nouveau-nés vulnérables. Il invite les professionnels de la santé, les décideurs politiques et le grand public à prendre conscience de l'ampleur de ce problème de santé publique et à agir pour réduire la mortalité infantile liée aux infections néonatales. Découvrez les enjeux cruciaux de la prévention, du diagnostic précoce et du traitement optimal des InN, et plongez au c¿ur d'une lutte vitale pour l'avenir de la nation. Un ouvrage essentiel pour comprendre et combattre les infections néonatales en Algérie et au-delà, offrant des perspectives nouvelles et des recommandations concrètes pour améliorer la santé des nouveau-nés. Ce livre est une contribution significative à la recherche sur les infections néonatales, mettant en évidence l'importance de la surveillance épidémiologique et de l'amélioration des pratiques cliniques. Un appel à l'action pour un avenir plus sain pour les générations futures, axé sur la réduction de la prévalence des infections néonatales et l'amélioration de la qualité des soins.

Functional and biochemical characterization of GmCLC1, a vacuolar chloride channel from soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.)

Bachelor Thesis from the year 2010 in the subject Biology - Micro- and Molecular Biology, grade: 1,0, University of Hannover (Institut für Botanik), language: English, abstract: In plants, chloride and nitrate transportation across the tonoplast is mediated by members of the chloride channel family (CLC). Seven Arabidopsis CLCs are identified and the function of nearly all is unravelled. In contrast, only one CLC was discovered in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) and named GmCLC1. Except that GmCLC1 is located in the tonoplast and trans-ports chloride, little is known about the protein's function and transport mechanism. The purpose of this study was to identify whether GmCLC1 transports anions as a channel, or if it is an anion/proton antiporter, as comparison of its amino acid sequence with other CLCs suggests. For this, transgenic Bright Yellow (BY)-2 cells constitutively expressing GmCLC1 were treated with NaCl at different pH and the cells' viability was analyzed. Moreover, vacu-olar pH was measured using confocal microscopy. The in planta function of GmCLC1 was assessed by complementation studies with Arabidopsis AtCLCa knock-down mutants. For this, Agrobacterium mediated transformation was used to insert GmCLC1 into an Arabidopsis wild type and the mutant lines. In the non-transgenic plants, nitrate and chloride contents were measured by colorimetric methods. Anion measurements of the transgenic plants are pending.Analysis of the test with transgenic BY-2 cells revealed that GmCLC1 functions in a pH de-pendent manner. BY-2 cells' viability was decreased at low pH, indicating a reduced seques-tration of chloride from the cytosol into the vacuole. In planta studies of Arabidopsis mutants showed that chloride substitutes nitrate in AtCLCa knock-down mutants. Thus, besides that proof for AtCLCa's nitrate affinity is given, this result suggests that chloride is transported by another tonoplast located member of the CLC family. The understanding of nitrate and chloride compartmentalization in plant cells is important for the development of salt tolerant cash crops. A trait which is highly needed as the world's cul-tivated land is severely affected by salinity.

Fungal pathogens and crop management systems

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Usim Triticum Aestivum and Emblica Officinalis. Characterization and their Antibacterial Study

Master's Thesis from the year 2016 in the subject Biology - Micro- and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, course: Biotechnology, language: English, abstract: The object of the work was to extract the compounds from Triticum aestivum & Emblica officinalis for Silver Nanoparticle Synthesis and characterize the synthesized silver nanoparticles using UV-VIS, SEM & DLS. Identifying the compound responsible for nanoparticle synthesis using FTIR and anti-microbial action. Study the anti-microbial activity of the synthesized silver nanoparticles and comparison with crude extract.